US History – WWI Big Questions

      

  1. Why did the US get involved in WWI?

o   What major events had shapes its readiness to participate in global issues?

o   How had it become prepared to participate in modern warfare overseas?

2. What aspects of US involvement were the subject of debate?

3. For the US, what was involvement in WWI like? 

4. How was the US affected by its participation in WWI?

1+2. The US got involved from a general perspective due to the trade that was had with a lot of members that were currently in the war. And an even more general perspective than that is we had a number of allies in the war that wanted our help. On a more specific point as to when and the straw that broke the camel's back it was when a German U-Boat blew up a US trade ship full of civilians that after a large scale debate in America decided to join the war. Overall America was not ready to join the war, at the time we had a relatively small army and were missing a large quantity of technological equipment. however due to the large disapproval of Germany's actions by US citizens people quickly supported the army to the best of their ability due to the outrage within the country.

3. Due to the small army when they first joined the US resorted to higher taxation and a request for loans from their citizens to quickly make up for their shortcomings in the military.

4. It launched them to global power due to the quickly booming economy and industry, however due to the rapid growth of both the government quickly had to take action to control the boom in agriculture, industry, and the overall economy.

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Propaganda Questions

1. Originally it was associated with religious groups, and what they used to lure in new members was known as propaganda. However during WWI it became to be more affiliated with wartime advertisements more specifically government based propaganda.

2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propaganda Propaganda is misleading advertising often associated with a certain political view.

3. https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B-7jsJa5YaWrNE04aUtTVHV4bk0/view

4. All three of these posters feature women in a powerful pose often surrounded or including white light as a sign of good morale or doing righteous duty. they also feature a strong contrast between the colors orange and blue do symbolize power.

5. The author is trying to show that women have a place in the war that isn't as soldiers but rather in the workplace where men left their jobs to go fight or as nurses to help the wounded soldiers when they return. You can tell by the powerful posing, color scheme, and including of white light that the author signifies that women have a significant purpose in the war, and by they messages and the clothes they're wearing it is in the workplace of as nurses.

6. The author is assuming that the audience is a woman currently looking for work and/or one who is looking to help the military endeavors of the United States. You can tell this by the fact that all of the people in these posters were women and they had some sort affiliation to the workplace or the military.

7. I feel like if it were to happen right now when we have one of, if not the, strongest military in the world i would not be okay with it, however at the time when we needed to gain strength quite rapidly in the military i feel it was acceptable for the government to do this.

8. They did it because they needed to rapidly increase the quantity of the soldiers and to gain support for a stronger military

Progressivism HW

I think individually we don't have much power to steer the course of progress for the human race, however I think when we band together into movements and democracies we have the power to do a lot, or give someone the power to do a lot. For instance with the new US President Donald Trump he is trying to progress in areas such as economic growth and self stability, however by doing so he is digressing foreign affairs and certain human rights. It's kinda of like a two step's forward one step backwards thing, overall we are progressing as time goes on, however to progress in some areas we choose to digress in others and it's the decision on what to progress and what to digress that we have as a democracy and how we influence our future.

Progressivism Theories

http://mashable.com/2014/07/23/sci-fi-books-the-future/#kyTb7jdy9Gqm

http://www.rd.com/culture/historical-predictions-that-came-true/

1. Most of what I found had to do with technological advancements however Mark Twain predicted his own death which was pretty interesting

2. For most of these predictions they were wish-lists however with the book 1984 it was more of a warning on societal advancement on law enforcement

3. All of what I found had some truth to it, or at least a piece of the prediction ended up being a reality, and Mark Twain's prediction of his death and only being a day off was probably the most bizarre

4. Most of these predictions seemed to be based off improvements to things that had just been discovered, for instance With the Night Mail was a sci-fi book that predicted the improvements of the airplane, invented by the wright brothers only 2 years earlier, as a way to mass transport goods and packages.

5. One of my big predictions is that in approximately 80 years from now we will have proved all of Einstein's predictions of the universe as being true or false, with all or nearly all of them to be true.

1880-1920 Advertising

In the early 20th century, advertising had a huge change in how it was made and the impact it had on its viewers. It went from being someone selling their cow in a local town to Ford selling one of its most iconic cars, the Model-T. At this time when industrialization and urbanization were occurring people spent more time on leisure and engaged in consumerism leading to these sudden changes in advertising. These changes were the leading to propaganda, advertising within politics, cultural targeting within advertising, and the start of false advertising.

During this time frame of urbanization in America, one of the world’s most devastating wars occurred, WWI. And due to its start being within this huge change in advertising, something new was brought into play, propaganda. Propaganda as we know today came about due to WWI, and due to its use then changed the definition entirely.

WWI Propaganda iconically remembered to this day

Propaganda used to be used when describing a religious group trying to draw in followers, but due to the sheer impact it had on WWI it changed to being known as a form of advertising and persuasion to change someone’s political views. Propaganda also led to the United States join the fight in WWI. Some of the allied forces would target America as a neutral country within their propaganda to try and get them to join the fight, and it actually ended up working and was one of the reasons America joined WWI.

Political advertising was also something that started to happen when politicians were campaigning for office in the early 1900’s. It became such a big thing that some states started cracking down on what was accepted as a campaign ad or illegal voter persuasion. In Oregon for instance, electioneering, advertising for a politician, is acceptable all days except for election day, however any sort of physical interaction with voters was illegal and so was any uncited press about the election.

Political ad for Mckinney

I think it’s interesting though how nowadays we aren’t so worried about this sort of interaction as it has been around for a while and we’ve all gotten used to it. However, when it was first put into use during all of this urbanization states started to worry about whether it was morally okay for people to campaign and try to persuade voters to vote for them, or whether it was wrong and should be treated as a bribe even though there was nothing to be gained by the voter.

However, one of the main issues in this new form of marketing was cultural targeting and stereotyping within advertising. To appeal to some markets advertisers would target certain ethnic or religious groups to try and appeal to a larger populace to make more profit. One of the main groups targeted were African-Americans and  they were often depicted performing lower wage jobs, or having some association with watermelons or bandana’s. Watermelon ad using cultural appropriation

Often this was done to appeal to purchasers in the south that had a racist mindset that thought purchasing a certain product would put them above blacks, or for instance in watermelon ads, by having an african american in it it would show that the product being sold was approved by the stereotype. This even came up recently during the superbowl ad’s. Audi released a commercial about a father’s thoughts about his daughter and discussing the wage gap between female and male workers, and while Audi tried to convey a good message they received a lot of backlash from consumers due to its discussing its attempts to fix the issue when they actually partially cause part of the problem.

Audi Superbowl advertisement

And finally one of the new Advertising styles that started to appear was false-advertising. While this is kind of a joke today when discussing cheap products that don't work, it used to be a real issue back then. Door to door salesmen were probably one of the main users of this advertising, due to their constantly being on the move they were very elusive and often didn't stick around long enough to deal with people's complaints. false advertising is when someone would advertise a product with certain qualities that were entirely falsified. One of the most famous versions of this ad is Snake oil.

The original Snake oil advertisement by Mack Mahon

Snake oil was advertised as having magical healing properties, steroid like abilities, something that was constantly changed to appeal to a consumer in particular, hence why it was very popular with door to door salesmen. This false ad got so popular even, that today there is a card game based off it where one player chooses a consumer at random, and the other players have to use the cards in their hand to appeal to the consumer to win the round.

At this boom in urbanization many new advertising styles started to appear, and as urbanization continues into today constantly changes advertising and makes some older ad's iconic. Urbanization's cause of leisure time and consumerism led to these advertising productions and often caused them to be very successful. while some of these advertising styles have now become outdated or illegal, they shaped the advertising of today, and left their imprints on new advertising being made today.

Works Cited

"Ad for Mack Mahon Rattlesnake Oil." American History, ABC-CLIO, 2017,   

americanhistory.abc-clio.com. Accessed 6 Feb. 2017.

Aylsworth, Leon E. "Corrupt Practices." The American Political Science Review 3.1 (1909): 50-56. JSTOR. Web. 06 Feb. 2017. <http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/1945910?ref=search-gateway:092a41dab26c6738fdd23249a45caa78>.

Duke Library. "Welcome to the Duke Digital Repository." Duke Digital Repository. Duke University, n.d. Web. 06 Feb. 2017.

Lapp, John A. "Liquor." The American Political Science Review 3.3 (1909): 406-09. JSTOR. Web. 06 Feb. 2017. <http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/1945692?ref=search-gateway:fe73917819ea9ce9dac6d62ca85c3006>.

Library of Congress. "Chronicling America « Library of Congress." News about Chronicling America RSS. Library of Congress, n.d. Web. 06 Feb. 2017.

Nicholas Cull. "World War I Propaganda." World History: The Modern Era, ABC-CLIO, 2017,          

https://worldhistory.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/598011?terms=american+advertising&sType=quick. Accessed 6 Feb. 2017.

O'Barr, William M. Culture and the Ad: Exploring Otherness in the World of Advertising. Boulder, CO: Westview, 1994. Print.